Highly Cited Papers in Frequency Conversion
(mixers and multipliers)
Mixer Theory
  1. D. N. Held and A. R. Kerr, "Conversion Loss and Noise of Microwave and Millimeter-Wave Mixers: Theory," IEEE Trans. on Microwave Theory and Techniques, Vol. 26, No. 2, pp. 49-55, 1978,
  2. S. A. Maas and D. Neilson, "Modeling MESFETs for Intermodulation Analysis of Mixers and Amplifiers," IEEE Trans. on Microwave Theory and Techniques,Vol. 38, No. 12, pp. 1964-1971, 1990.
  3. M. R. Barber, "Noise Figure and Conversion Loss of Schottky Barrier Mixer Diode," IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory and Techniques, Vol. 15, No. 11, pp. 629-635, 1967.
Schottky Diode Mixers
  1. R. Blundell and C. Y. E. Tong, "Submillimeter Receviers for Radio Astronomy," Proceedings of the IEEE, Vol. 80, No. 11, pp. 1702-1720, 1992.
  2. M. Cohn, J. E. Degenford and B. A. Newman, "Harmonic Mixing with an Antiparallel Diode Pair," IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory and Techniques, Vol. 23, No. 8, pp. 667-673, 1975.
  3. A. R. Kerr, "Low-Noise Room-Temperature and Cryogenic Mixers for 80-120 GHz,"  IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory and Techniques, Vol. 23, No. 10, pp. 781-787, 1975.
FET and Bipolar Mixers
  1. B. Gilbert, "A Precise 4-Quadrant Multiplier with Subnanosecond Response," IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, Vol. 3, No. 4, pp. 364-373, 1968.
  2. R. A. Pucel, D. Masse and R. Bera, "Performance of GaAs MESFET Mixers at X Band," IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., Vol. 24, No. 6, pp. 351-360, 1976.
  3. C. A. Liechti, "Performance of Dual-Gate GaAs MESFETs as Gain-Controlled Low-Noise Amplifiers and High-Speed Modulators," IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., Vol. 23, No. 6, pp. 461-469, 1975.
SIS Mixers
  1. J. Zmuidzinas and H. G. Leduc, "Quasi-Optical Slot Antenna SIS Mixers," IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., Vol. 40, No. 9, pp. 1797-1804, 1992.
  2. A. V. Raisanen, W. R. McGrath, P. L. Richards, et al, "Broad-Band RF Match to a Millimeter-Wave SIS Quasi-Particle Mixer," IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., Vol. 33, No. 12, pp. 1495-1500, 1985.
  3. S. K. Pan, et. al., "An 85-116 GHz SIS Receiver using Inductively Shunted Edge Junctions," IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., Vol. 37, No. 3, pp. 580-592, 1989.
Varactor Frequency Multipliers
  1. A. V. Raisanen, "Frequency Multipliers for Millimeter and Submillimeter Wavelengths," Proceedings of the IEEE, Vol. 80, No. 11, pp. 1842-1852, 1992.
  2. C. F. Jou, et al., "Millimeter-Wave Diode-Grid Frequency Doubler," IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., Vol. 36, No. 11, pp. 1507-1514, 1988.
  3. G. Chattopadhyay, et al, "An All-Solid-State Broad-Band Frequency Multiplier Chain at 1500 GHz,"  IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., Vol. 52, No. 5, pp. 1538-1547, 2004.
Step-Recovery Diode Multipliers
  1. J. L. Moll and S. A. Hamilton, "Physical Modeling of the Step Recovery Diode for Pulse and Harmonic Generation Circuits," Proceedings of the IEEE, Vol. 57, No. 7, pp. 1250-1259, 1969.
  2. K. Madani and C. S. Aitchison, "A 20 GHz Microwave Sampler," IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., Vol. 40, No. 10, pp. 1960-1963, 1992.
  3. K. L. Kotzebue, "A Circuit Model of the Step-Recovery Diode," Proceedings of the IEEE,  Vol. 53, No. 12, pp. 2119-2120, 1965.
Schottky Diode Multipliers
  1. E. Kollberg and A. Rydberg, "Quantum-Barrier-Varactor Diodes for High-Efficiency Millimeter-Wave Multipliers," Electronics Letters, Vol. 25, No. 25, pp. 1696-1698, 1989.
  2. A. V. Raisanen, "Frequency Multipliers for Millimeter and Submillimeter Wavelengths," Proceedings of the IEEE, Vol. 80, No. 11, pp. 1842-1852, 1992.
FET and Bipolar Multipliers
  1. S. Sen, F. Capasso, A. Y. Cho, et al., "Multiple-State Resonant-Tunneling Bipolar-Transistor Operating at Room-Temperature and Its Application as a Frequency-Multiplier," IEEE Electron Device Letters, Vol. 9, No. 10, pp. 533-535, 1988.
  2. A. Gopinath and J. B. Rankin, "Single-Gate MESFET Frequency Doublers," IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., Vol. 30, No. 6, pp. 869-875, 1982.
  3. C. Rauscher, "High-Frequency Doubler Operation of GaAs Field-Effect Transistors," IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., Vol. 83, No. 6, pp. 462-473, 1983.